The history of Labor Day: origins, significance, and the strike that led Congress to create the holiday Labor Day.

 Labor Day is called the end of summer, but its origin has nothing to do with barbecue, but with depressing working conditions. Long before President Grover Cleveland signed a law in 1894 to make Labor Day a federal holiday, activists and states recognized Labor Day. Labor Day is always celebrated on the first Monday in September to celebrate the accomplishments and contributions of American workers. According to the Department of Labor, the idea of   a worker-centered vacation is primarily attributed to two people, Peter McGuire, former secretary of the Brotherhood of Carpenters and Carpenters, and Matthew Maguire, former secretary of the International Association of Machinists Place 344. McGuire complained the property of this idea, which arises from his suggestion in 1882 as a "holiday for the working class" to commemorate those "of the gross nature that has deepened and carved all the magnificent landscapes that we see" Records of people. However, other studies have shown that Maguire also proposed this holiday in the same year, and the Patterson Morning News (1889-1969) later called him the "undisputed author" of the Labor Day holiday in a review article. The industrial revolution brought hard working conditions, forced many people to work long hours almost every day of the week, and encouraged the exploitation of children as cheap labor. It promoted organized rallies and strikes. On September 4, 1882, New York City held its first Labor Day parade at the request of the Central Workers' Union. Labor Day is usually used to mark the end of summer, but its origin is to strive for better wages and working conditions. On September 3, 2018, union members and their families took to the streets at the annual Labor Day parade and rally in Long Beach, California. The parade started with protesters from the New York Jewelers League, who brought the band to save the day, followed by William McCabe as the Grand Marshal. According to the Ministry of Labor, an estimated 20,000 people participated in the first Labor Day parade. Although New York was the first state to propose a bill making Labor Day a holiday, Oregon was the first state to pass the bill on February 21, 1887. By the end of that year, four more states: Colorado, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York: passed laws to create holidays. A total of 28 states have passed laws that recognize this holiday. A month or so before the Senate passed a bill making Labor Day a national holiday, workers at the railcar manufacturer Pullman Palace Motors went on strike to protest long working hours and low wages. According to "National Geographic" reports, the American Railroad Union also joined their ranks, the alliance refused to move Pullman cars, causing railroad traffic to a standstill. At that time, former Senator James Kyle introduced a bill establishing Labor Day, and the Senate quickly passed the bill to appease the strikers. The House of Representatives passed the bill a few days later and became law on June 28, 1894, six days after the Senate approved it. According to National Geographic, a few days later, on June 3, Cleveland sent federal troops to Chicago to end the boycott, triggering a riot that killed as many as 30 people. Although considered a victory for the labor movement, it will take 20 years for Congress to pass the Adamson Act and establish a modern eight-hour workday.

 For many people, Labor Day marks the official end of summer, with barbecues and back-to-school shopping celebrations held on the first Monday in September. However, for special days in the late 19th century, the founder of this festival had some very different ideas. Labor Day is a national holiday in the United States and is scheduled for the first Monday in September. Unlike most American holidays, this is a strange celebration, with no ceremonies other than shopping and barbecues. For most people, it just marks the last weekend of summer and the beginning of the school year. The founders of the holidays in the late 19th century envisioned something very different from today. The founders are looking for two things: solidarity with workers and reducing working hours. The history of Labor Day The first Labor Day was held in 1882 under the leadership of the New York City Central Workers' Union. In the 19th century, unions covered only a small group of workers, and they were fragmented and relatively weak. The aim of regulators as the Central Workers Union and  modern regulators like AFLCIO is to bring together many small unions to achieve critical mass and power. The arrangers of the 1st Labor Day were interested in creating an event that brought together different types of workers to get to know each other and recognize their common interests. However, the arrangers have a big problem no government or company recognizes that the first Monday in September is a rest day. The problem was temporarily resolved by announcing a one-day strike in the city. It is expected that all the striking workers will participate in the parade and then eat and drink at a large picnic. The New York Platform reporter who reported on this incident felt that the entire day was like one long political barbecue. The speech was pretty boring. Why was Labor Day invented? Labor Day comes because workers feel like they spend too much time and time at work. In the 1830s, workers in manufacturing industry worked an average of 70 hours a week. Sixty years later, in 1890, working hours were reduced, even though the average weekly working time for workers in manufacturing was still 60 hours. These long working hours have caused many union organizers to focus on shortening the 8-hour workday. They also focused on allowing employees to take more days off, such as the Labor Day holiday, and reducing their weekly work hours to just 6 days. These early organizers obviously won, because recent data shows that ordinary people working in manufacturing work more than 40 hours a week, while most people only work 5 days a week. Surprisingly, many politicians and business owners support workers taking more vacation time. That's because Labors who have no free time cannot spend their wages on travel, entertainment, or dining out. As the American frugality expanded beyond agriculture and basic manufacturing in the late 1800s and early 1900s, it became important for businesses to find consumers interested in purchasing mass-produced products and services. Shortening the work week is a way to transform the working class into a consuming class. A common misclassification is that since Labor Day is a national holiday, everyone has a day off. Nothing is far from the truth. Although the first Labor Day was created by a strike, politicians can easily support the idea of   a special holiday for workers. It's easy, because announcing a holiday like Mother's Day won't cost legislators a price, but it will benefit them by wooing voters. Colorado, Oregon, Massachusetts, 

New Jersey, and New York in 1887, announced a special statutory holiday in September to celebrate workers. In the past 12 years, half of the states in the United States have designated Labor Day as a holiday. In June 1894, President Grover Cleveland signed the Labor Day Act, which became a national holiday. Although most people interpret this as acknowledging that this day is a national holiday, the Congressional announcement only covers federal employees. Each state can declare its own statutory holidays. Also, there is little point in declaring any day a legal holiday, because legal holidays do not require private employers or even some government agencies to grant their workers vacation. Many stores are open on Labor Day. Basic government services in protection and transportation continue to play a role, and less important projects such as national parks are still open. Because not everyone has a Labor Day holiday, union workers in the 1930s were recently urged to strike if their employer refused to grant them a holiday. In the bres's annual Labor Day declaration last year, Obama encouraged Americans to ""commemorate this day through appropriate plans, ceremonies, and activities to recognize the contribution and resilience of American workers."" However, the announcement did not officially announce that anyone can take a vacation. Controversy: activists and founders Today, most people in the United States believe that Labor Day is an indisputable holiday. There are no family dramas like Thanksgiving, and no religious issues like Christmas. However, there was controversy 100 years ago. The first dispute that people discuss is how radical workers should act on a day to commemorate the workers. Communist, Marxist and socialist members of the trade union movement support the designation of May 1 as a day of international demonstrations, street protests and even violence, which continues to this day. However, more moderate union members advocate holding parades and picnics on Labor Day in September. In the United States, picnics won rather than street protests. There is also controversy over who came up with this idea. The earliest history in the mid-1930s was attributed to Peter J. McGuire, who founded the New York City Brotherhood of Carpenters and Carpenters in 1881. He suggested setting the date as ""about July 4 and the Day Thanksgiving "". Site In the middle of the festival, "the power and spirit of labor and business organizations will be publicly displayed." Later, research in the early 1970s showed that Matthew Maguire, the representative for the Machinist Union, was actually the founder of Labor Day. However, because Matthew Maguire was considered too radical, the kindest Peter McGuire was praised. You may never know who came up with this idea, but you can vote to express your opinion. Today's Labor Day is no longer a procession of union members holding banners and their business tools in the streets. Rather, this is a chaotic party with no related rituals. The initial vacation was to solve the problem of long working hours and insufficient free time. Although the struggle on these issues seems to have been won for a long time, this issue is starting to make a comeback, not for manufacturing workers, but for high-skilled white-collar workers, many of whom are often associated with work. If you have been working but never really took a vacation, start a new ceremony to commemorate the original spirit of Labor Day. Give yourself a day off. Don't go to work. Turn off your mobile phone, computer and other electronic devices connected to your daily life. Then go to the barbecue, as the original participants did more than a century ago, and celebrate at least one day off in the year!